Define the damaged function
Compaction, erosion, poor aggregation and low biological activity require different interventions. A cover crop supports recovery but may not correct severe physical or chemical constraints alone.
Choose functional traits
Match plant architecture to the job.
- Fibrous grass roots for dense exploration and residue.
- Taprooted legumes for rapid biomass and nitrogen.
- Perennial groundcovers for continuous protection.
Stack practices
Combine adapted cover crops with controlled traffic, appropriate amendments, residue retention and reduced disturbance where feasible.